來源:國家能源局
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發布(bu)時間:2023-03-28
“布(bu)局新(xin)興市場步伐加快;新(xin)能源發電(dian)項(xiang)目向(xiang)專業(ye)化(hua)、集約化(hua)轉變;更加注重境外簽(qian)約項(xiang)目的經營管(guan)理效(xiao)益……”目前,中國電(dian)力企業(ye)“走出去”亮(liang)點頻(pin)現,電(dian)力行業(ye)綠(lv)色低碳轉型成效(xiao)顯著。
境外簽約(yue)項目亮點頻現
現階(jie)段,中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電力(li)企業境外簽(qian)約(yue)(yue)項目(mu)呈(cheng)現出諸多(duo)特點。一方面,亞(ya)洲市場集(ji)聚化更加顯著。數據(ju)顯示(shi),2022年(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)企業在87個國(guo)(guo)家和地區開展電力(li)項目(mu)建設(she)。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)企業在亞(ya)洲地區簽(qian)約(yue)(yue)項目(mu)278個,項目(mu)金(jin)(jin)額(e)201.3億美(mei)元,占簽(qian)約(yue)(yue)項目(mu)總金(jin)(jin)額(e)的(de)59.2%。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)企業在越(yue)南簽(qian)約(yue)(yue)項目(mu)24個,簽(qian)約(yue)(yue)金(jin)(jin)額(e)30.4億美(mei)元,成(cheng)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)企業簽(qian)約(yue)(yue)境外電力(li)項目(mu)的(de)最大(da)市場。
另一方面(mian),新興市(shi)場簽(qian)(qian)約項目呈增(zeng)長趨(qu)勢。在境外簽(qian)(qian)約項目中,“一帶一路”電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)數(shu)量與金額(e)(e)均占(zhan)(zhan)據境(jing)外電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)簽(qian)(qian)約(yue)(yue)(yue)總(zong)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)的大半比例。同時,中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)企業(ye)(ye)也加強了與RCEP區域國(guo)(guo)家的境(jing)外合(he)作。據中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)產品進(jin)出(chu)口商會統計(ji)數(shu)據顯(xian)示,2022年,中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)企業(ye)(ye)在“一(yi)帶一(yi)路(lu)”沿線國(guo)(guo)家市場(chang)簽(qian)(qian)約(yue)(yue)(yue)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)288個,占(zhan)(zhan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)簽(qian)(qian)約(yue)(yue)(yue)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)總(zong)數(shu)的55.7%;項目(mu)(mu)(mu)金額(e)(e)217.4億(yi)美元(yuan),占(zhan)(zhan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)簽(qian)(qian)約(yue)(yue)(yue)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)總(zong)金額(e)(e)的63.9%。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)企業(ye)(ye)在RCEP區域國(guo)(guo)家簽(qian)(qian)約(yue)(yue)(yue)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)147個,項目(mu)(mu)(mu)金額(e)(e)93.4億(yi)美元(yuan),占(zhan)(zhan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)簽(qian)(qian)約(yue)(yue)(yue)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)總(zong)金額(e)(e)的27.5%。
“新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源發(fa)電(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)從規模擴(kuo)張向專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)化(hua)、集(ji)約(yue)化(hua)轉變,企業(ye)更加重視專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)運(yun)作水(shui)平高(gao)、經濟效(xiao)益好的項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)。中(zhong)國電(dian)力(li)企業(ye)在(zai)多領(ling)域、全產(chan)業(ye)鏈實現了(le)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)化(hua)運(yun)營。”機(ji)電(dian)商會戰略(lve)與工程部副總監李亞薇表(biao)示。數據顯(xian)示,2022年,中(zhong)國新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源發(fa)電(dian)行業(ye)(太陽能(neng)(neng)、風(feng)能(neng)(neng)、生物質(zhi)、儲能(neng)(neng)等(deng))保持(chi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)態勢,簽(qian)(qian)(qian)約(yue)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)195個(ge),簽(qian)(qian)(qian)約(yue)總額192.2億(yi)美(mei)元(yuan),同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)9.9%,占電(dian)力(li)簽(qian)(qian)(qian)約(yue)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)總金(jin)額的56.5%。其中(zhong),太陽能(neng)(neng)(光(guang)伏)發(fa)電(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)簽(qian)(qian)(qian)約(yue)136個(ge),項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)金(jin)額99.7億(yi)美(mei)元(yuan),同(tong)(tong)比大幅(fu)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)74.6%;生物質(zhi)發(fa)電(dian)簽(qian)(qian)(qian)約(yue)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)16個(ge),項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)金(jin)額11.5億(yi)美(mei)元(yuan),同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)21.4%;風(feng)電(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)經歷了(le)2021年的高(gao)速增(zeng)長(chang)(chang),略(lve)有回(hui)落,簽(qian)(qian)(qian)約(yue)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)41個(ge),項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)金(jin)額79.3億(yi)美(mei)元(yuan)。
與(yu)新能(neng)源發電(dian)(dian)(dian)項目相比,傳統發電(dian)(dian)(dian)項目數量均(jun)出現不同(tong)程(cheng)度(du)回落(luo),這充分說(shuo)明了中國電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)行業綠色低碳轉型成效顯(xian)著。數據顯(xian)示,2022年,中國火力(li)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)簽約項目52個,項目金額50.6億(yi)美元,同(tong)比下降73.1%。除燃氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)站外,簽約的火電(dian)(dian)(dian)項目以運營維護和(he)技術指導為主;輸變電(dian)(dian)(dian)簽約項目232個,項目金額54.9億(yi)美元;水力(li)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)簽約項目38個,項目金額42.1億(yi)美元。
多(duo)方(fang)合(he)力推動企業(ye)搶(qiang)抓發展新機遇
“當(dang)下(xia),中國電力企(qi)業更加注重境外(wai)簽(qian)約項(xiang)(xiang)目的(de)經(jing)營(ying)管理效益,‘小(xiao)而美’項(xiang)(xiang)目受到了企(qi)業的(de)關注。”李亞薇(wei)表(biao)示,在2022年新簽(qian)境外(wai)電力項(xiang)(xiang)目中,有460個實現當(dang)年生(sheng)效,涉及(ji)項(xiang)(xiang)目金額234.5億美元(yuan),占新簽(qian)電力項(xiang)(xiang)目總(zong)金額的(de)69.0%;已(yi)簽(qian)約待生(sheng)效項(xiang)(xiang)目57個,涉及(ji)項(xiang)(xiang)目金額105.5億美元(yuan),項(xiang)(xiang)目簽(qian)約逐步從單純(chun)的(de)規模擴張到實現經(jing)濟效益提升。
在(zai)疫(yi)情防(fang)控政策進(jin)一步(bu)優化(hua)以及國(guo)際市場需求復蘇的(de)背(bei)景下,2023年(nian),中國(guo)電力企(qi)業(ye)“走出去(qu)”面臨(lin)著發展(zhan)新(xin)機(ji)遇,那么(me)企(qi)業(ye)應(ying)如(ru)何抓住新(xin)機(ji)遇?國(guo)家相(xiang)關部門(men)將給(gei)予怎樣的(de)支持?行業(ye)協會將如(ru)何發揮(hui)作用?
對(dui)此,李亞薇建(jian)議,中國(guo)電力企(qi)業(ye)應不斷提高投資運營(ying)和(he)國(guo)際化(hua)經營(ying)能力,強(qiang)化(hua)產(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)供(gong)應鏈(lian)建(jian)設(she),更大(da)范(fan)圍優化(hua)資源配置。近年來(lai),中國(guo)電力企(qi)業(ye)境外電力項目(mu)簽(qian)約逐步呈現集團化(hua)、專業(ye)化(hua)趨勢。未來(lai)企(qi)業(ye)則應更加關注效(xiao)率(lv)效(xiao)益(yi)和(he)核心(xin)競爭力,通過資源共享(xiang)、業(ye)務協同(tong)等多途徑實現互利共贏。
同時,國(guo)家相關部門應(ying)給予(yu)更多支(zhi)持(chi),完善激勵(li)和創新機制,鼓勵(li)企業(ye)提升核心關鍵技術能(neng)力,加(jia)快構建有效競爭(zheng)的能(neng)源市場(chang)體系,為中國(guo)電力企業(ye)“走出去”營造良好的海(hai)外發展(zhan)環境。
隨著中國電力(li)(li)(li)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)“走出去”步伐加快,境(jing)外電力(li)(li)(li)市場競(jing)(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)日趨(qu)激(ji)烈。對此(ci),李亞薇建議,行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)商協(xie)會應在政府部(bu)門的(de)(de)指導(dao)下,更好地發(fa)揮作用(yong),加強競(jing)(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)秩(zhi)序規范和(he)以行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)為主的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)自律(lv)建設,成(cheng)立專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)自律(lv)委員會,有效避免惡(e)性競(jing)(jing)(jing)爭(zheng),形成(cheng)對外競(jing)(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)合力(li)(li)(li),實(shi)現電力(li)(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)可持續健(jian)康發(fa)展。