國家電網：在運抽水蓄能裝機突破4000萬千瓦
來源：新華網
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發布(bu)時(shi)間：2024-12-13
12月12日，陜西(xi)首座抽(chou)水蓄(xu)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)——國(guo)網(wang)新源陜西(xi)鎮安抽(chou)水蓄(xu)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)4號機組正式(shi)投(tou)入商業運行，實現(xian)陜西(xi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)大型調節電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)新突破。至此，國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)有限(xian)公司在(zai)運抽(chou)水蓄(xu)能(neng)機組容量(liang)突破4000萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦，達4026萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦，在(zai)運在(zai)建(jian)抽(chou)水蓄(xu)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)75座、容量(liang)9404萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦，為(wei)我國(guo)新型電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統建(jian)設提供可靠(kao)保障。
能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源革命加速演進(jin)，新型電力系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)加快(kuai)建設，給電力系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)帶(dai)來深刻變革，迫(po)切(qie)需要提(ti)高系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力，服務(wu)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源發展，保障(zhang)電力安(an)全(quan)可(ke)靠(kao)供應。抽水蓄能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是當前技(ji)術成熟、經(jing)濟性(xing)優、可(ke)大(da)規模(mo)開發的綠(lv)色低(di)碳(tan)清潔靈(ling)活調(diao)(diao)(diao)節電源，被喻為(wei)電力系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的穩(wen)定器、調(diao)(diao)(diao)節器、平衡(heng)器。抽水蓄能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)定位(wei)已由“調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰、系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)備(bei)用(yong)(yong)”為(wei)主轉變為(wei)“儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰、調(diao)(diao)(diao)頻(pin)、調(diao)(diao)(diao)相、系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)備(bei)用(yong)(yong)、黑啟動”六大(da)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，在保障(zhang)大(da)電網安(an)全(quan)、促進(jin)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源消(xiao)納、提(ti)升全(quan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)中的作用(yong)(yong)更加凸顯(xian)。
近年(nian)來，國家(jia)電(dian)網公(gong)司踐行“四個(ge)革(ge)命(ming)、一個(ge)合(he)作”能源(yuan)安(an)全(quan)新戰(zhan)略，把發(fa)展抽水蓄(xu)能、提升系統調節(jie)能力作為(wei)重要(yao)戰(zhan)略任務，多(duo)措并舉推動(dong)抽水蓄(xu)能開發(fa)建設(she)，以(yi)抽水蓄(xu)能高質量發(fa)展推動(dong)能源(yuan)綠色(se)低碳轉(zhuan)型(xing)，更好支撐和服務中國式現代化。2009年(nian)公(gong)司在運裝(zhuang)機達1000萬(wan)千(qian)瓦，2020年(nian)達2000萬(wan)千(qian)瓦。“十四五”期間(jian)，公(gong)司建設(she)投產大幅提速，2023年(nian)在運裝(zhuang)機超過3000萬(wan)千(qian)瓦，2024年(nian)突破4000萬(wan)千(qian)瓦。
此(ci)次投(tou)產發電(dian)(dian)的(de)國網新源(yuan)陜西(xi)(xi)鎮安(an)(an)抽水(shui)(shui)(shui)蓄能電(dian)(dian)站，位于(yu)陜西(xi)(xi)省商洛市鎮安(an)(an)縣(xian)月河(he)鎮，由上水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)、下水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)、輸水(shui)(shui)(shui)系統(tong)、地(di)下廠房和地(di)面(mian)開關站等部(bu)分組(zu)成(cheng)，安(an)(an)裝4臺單機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)35萬千瓦的(de)可逆式水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵水(shui)(shui)(shui)輪發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)，總(zong)裝機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)140萬千瓦，以(yi)兩(liang)回330千伏線路接入西(xi)(xi)北(bei)電(dian)(dian)網，雙向調(diao)節(jie)能力(li)達280萬千瓦。電(dian)(dian)站總(zong)投(tou)資(zi)88.51億(yi)元(yuan)，設(she)計年發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)23.4億(yi)千瓦時(shi)、年抽水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)31.21億(yi)千瓦時(shi)。該工程的(de)建成(cheng)將進(jin)一步(bu)改善(shan)陜西(xi)(xi)及西(xi)(xi)北(bei)電(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)結(jie)構，增(zeng)強電(dian)(dian)網調(diao)節(jie)能力(li)，助力(li)能源(yuan)綠(lv)色低碳轉型。
綜合來看，國(guo)家電網在運抽水蓄(xu)能裝機突破4000萬千瓦，經濟、社(she)會、環境(jing)效益顯著，將在保障電力(li)(li)系(xi)統安全穩定運行、推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)新型電力(li)(li)系(xi)統建設等(deng)方(fang)(fang)面發揮(hui)重要作(zuo)用，對促(cu)進我國(guo)風光等(deng)新能源資源優勢(shi)轉化為經濟優勢(shi)，推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)地方(fang)(fang)經濟社(she)會高質量發展具有(you)重要意(yi)義。
國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網在(zai)(zai)運抽(chou)(chou)水蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)裝(zhuang)機突破4000萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦，是提升電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)調節能(neng)力(li)(li)、支撐(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)保(bao)供和(he)能(neng)源(yuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)型(xing)的有(you)力(li)(li)之舉。公(gong)司堅持(chi)規劃引領，落實國家可再生能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展規劃、抽(chou)(chou)水蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)中長期(qi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展規劃，緊(jin)密結(jie)合(he)新(xin)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)需求，充分(fen)滿足新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展需要(yao)和(he)區(qu)域、省級電(dian)(dian)(dian)網調峰需求，積極在(zai)(zai)負荷中心(xin)和(he)新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)富集(ji)區(qu)域布(bu)局抽(chou)(chou)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)。“十(shi)二五(wu)(wu)”期(qi)間開(kai)(kai)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)1460萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦、“十(shi)三五(wu)(wu)”期(qi)間開(kai)(kai)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)2853萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦、“十(shi)四五(wu)(wu)”期(qi)間開(kai)(kai)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)3168萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦。以(yi)抽(chou)(chou)水蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)高質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展為基(ji)礎，推動常規電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)、新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)等(deng)各類電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)靈(ling)活(huo)接入、可靠送出、高效消(xiao)納(na)(na)，有(you)力(li)(li)支撐(cheng)服務電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)保(bao)供、能(neng)源(yuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)型(xing)。“十(shi)三五(wu)(wu)”期(qi)間，公(gong)司抽(chou)(chou)水蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均利用小(xiao)時(shi)數為2751小(xiao)時(shi)，“十(shi)四五(wu)(wu)”以(yi)來平(ping)(ping)(ping)均利用小(xiao)時(shi)數達到2800小(xiao)時(shi)；年發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)增速保(bao)持(chi)18%以(yi)上。近(jin)年來，抽(chou)(chou)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)運行模式(shi)由(you)“一抽(chou)(chou)一發(fa)(fa)(fa)”轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變為“兩(liang)抽(chou)(chou)兩(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)”，有(you)效滿足午(wu)間光伏消(xiao)納(na)(na)需要(yao)，部分(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站已按照“多抽(chou)(chou)多發(fa)(fa)(fa)”方式(shi)運轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，抽(chou)(chou)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)促進新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)納(na)(na)年均超過280億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)，有(you)效助力(li)(li)新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)利用率保(bao)持(chi)95%以(yi)上。
國家電(dian)網在(zai)(zai)運(yun)(yun)抽(chou)(chou)水(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)裝機突(tu)破4000萬千瓦(wa)，是(shi)拉(la)(la)動(dong)地(di)方(fang)經(jing)濟(ji)增長、促進高質量發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)有(you)(you)力之舉。抽(chou)(chou)水(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)投資大、建設(she)周(zhou)期(qi)長，具(ju)有(you)(you)帶動(dong)力強(qiang)、中(zhong)長期(qi)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)顯著等(deng)優勢，對穩投資、保就業、惠(hui)民生(sheng)有(you)(you)十分重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。國家電(dian)網投運(yun)(yun)抽(chou)(chou)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)分布在(zai)(zai)19個省(sheng)(sheng)（區(qu)、市）。其中(zhong)，重(zhong)(zhong)慶蟠龍(long)、內蒙(meng)古芝瑞、陜西鎮安、新(xin)(xin)疆阜(fu)康、寧夏(xia)牛首(shou)山、甘肅(su)玉門、青海哇讓等(deng)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)建設(she)均開創該省(sheng)(sheng)份抽(chou)(chou)水(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)建設(she)先河。“十四五(wu)”以來，黑龍(long)江、吉林、新(xin)(xin)疆、重(zhong)(zhong)慶、陜西等(deng)省(sheng)(sheng)（區(qu)、市）實現大型運(yun)(yun)行抽(chou)(chou)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)零的(de)突(tu)破，公司經(jing)營區(qu)華北、華東(dong)、華中(zhong)、東(dong)北、西北、西南六個區(qu)域均分布有(you)(you)大容(rong)量抽(chou)(chou)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)。踐行“建設(she)一(yi)座(zuo)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)、帶動(dong)一(yi)方(fang)經(jing)濟(ji)、改(gai)善一(yi)片環境(jing)、造福一(yi)方(fang)百姓”理念，以抽(chou)(chou)水(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)服(fu)務地(di)方(fang)經(jing)濟(ji)社會高質量發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。挖掘抽(chou)(chou)水(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)在(zai)(zai)規模化拉(la)(la)動(dong)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和促進鄉(xiang)村振(zhen)興等(deng)方(fang)面發(fa)(fa)揮的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，積極融入生(sheng)態旅游(you)、文化康養(yang)等(deng)新(xin)(xin)業態，最(zui)大程(cheng)度賦能(neng)(neng)(neng)抽(chou)(chou)水(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)生(sheng)態潛能(neng)(neng)(neng)。
國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網在運抽(chou)水(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)裝(zhuang)機突(tu)破4000萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，是大力推(tui)進抽(chou)水(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)科技(ji)(ji)(ji)創新、帶動(dong)設(she)備(bei)(bei)國(guo)產(chan)化(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)產(chan)業鏈提檔(dang)升級(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)有力之舉。公司堅持科技(ji)(ji)(ji)自(zi)立自(zi)強，持續加大研(yan)發(fa)投入，強化(hua)(hua)關(guan)鍵核心技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)攻關(guan)，引領產(chan)業鏈協同創新，帶動(dong)了(le)產(chan)業鏈上下游關(guan)鍵技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)提檔(dang)升級(ji)(ji)(ji)、提質增效(xiao)。建設(she)了(le)一(yi)批技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)先進、特點(dian)鮮明的(de)抽(chou)水(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)工(gong)(gong)程，推(tui)動(dong)我國(guo)抽(chou)水(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)設(she)計、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)制(zhi)造成套技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)升級(ji)(ji)(ji)，在水(shui)(shui)庫壩(ba)工(gong)(gong)、庫盆防滲、高(gao)水(shui)(shui)頭壓力管道、復雜大型(xing)地下洞(dong)室(shi)群(qun)等方面(mian)達到了(le)世(shi)界先進或(huo)領先水(shui)(shui)平。建設(she)了(le)世(shi)界最大的(de)豐(feng)寧抽(chou)水(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)，總裝(zhuang)機容(rong)量(liang)360萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，創造四項世(shi)界第一(yi)，首次實現抽(chou)水(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)接入柔性(xing)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網。依(yi)托工(gong)(gong)程有力促(cu)進抽(chou)水(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)實現國(guo)產(chan)自(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)，大力推(tui)動(dong)抽(chou)水(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)成套設(she)備(bei)(bei)自(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)研(yan)發(fa)和(he)(he)規模化(hua)(hua)應用，仙居(ju)40萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)級(ji)(ji)(ji)機組(zu)、敦(dun)化(hua)(hua)700米級(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)頭等核心裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)實現工(gong)(gong)程應用，促(cu)進抽(chou)水(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)業鏈供應鏈韌性(xing)和(he)(he)安全(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)平不(bu)斷提升。
國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網在運抽水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)裝機(ji)突(tu)破4000萬千瓦，是提升抽水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)理(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平和施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)法(fa)、引領行(xing)(xing)業(ye)高質量發(fa)展的(de)有力之(zhi)舉(ju)。公司統籌(chou)安全(quan)、質量、進度、造(zao)價(jia)等建(jian)(jian)設管(guan)理(li)(li)目標(biao)(biao)，推進抽水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)、機(ji)械化(hua)(hua)、綠(lv)色(se)化(hua)(hua)、數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)造(zao)，引導抽蓄(xu)(xu)設計(ji)、監理(li)(li)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)等建(jian)(jian)設資(zi)源穩步擴容，創新實(shi)踐(jian)“三查一(yi)(yi)聯防”安全(quan)工(gong)(gong)作機(ji)制，建(jian)(jian)立(li)完善抽水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)“六精(jing)四化(hua)(hua)”管(guan)理(li)(li)體(ti)系，形成了具有行(xing)(xing)業(ye)特(te)色(se)、國(guo)網獨(du)特(te)優(you)勢的(de)抽水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)開發(fa)管(guan)理(li)(li)模式。率先將TBM（硬巖隧(sui)道掘(jue)(jue)進機(ji)）工(gong)(gong)法(fa)引入我(wo)國(guo)抽水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)領域，推進抽水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站隧(sui)洞(dong)群全(quan)斷面機(ji)械化(hua)(hua)掘(jue)(jue)進應用(yong)，推動我(wo)國(guo)大型(xing)變速機(ji)組(zu)落地應用(yong)。打造(zao)了一(yi)(yi)批(pi)精(jing)品(pin)示(shi)范工(gong)(gong)程，江西(xi)洪屏、福建(jian)(jian)仙游(you)2個抽水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目獲國(guo)家優(you)質工(gong)(gong)程金獎，江蘇(su)宜(yi)興、山東(dong)泰安、湖南黑麋(mi)峰3項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)程獲中國(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程魯(lu)班獎。依(yi)托抽水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)開發(fa)、建(jian)(jian)設、運營業(ye)務，累(lei)計(ji)發(fa)布60項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)企業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)、13項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)團體(ti)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)、45項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)、23項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)國(guo)家標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，建(jian)(jian)立(li)了一(yi)(yi)整套抽水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)開發(fa)建(jian)(jian)設和運營管(guan)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)體(ti)系。
國家電(dian)網公司繼續加快推進抽(chou)(chou)水蓄(xu)能(neng)高(gao)質量發(fa)展，2035年(nian)在運抽(chou)(chou)水蓄(xu)能(neng)裝機將突破1億千瓦，持續擔當抽(chou)(chou)蓄(xu)開發(fa)、建設(she)、運營主力軍的(de)責(ze)任，為服務新型電(dian)力系統(tong)建設(she)，保障能(neng)源安全發(fa)揮更重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)戰(zhan)略支撐作用。