來源:國家能源局網站
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發布時間:2024-06-13
江西500千伏(fu)吉安(an)南輸變電(dian)(dian)工程(cheng)是江西省重點工程(cheng),投運(yun)后可加(jia)強該(gai)(gai)省吉安(an)市南部電(dian)(dian)網(wang)與吉安(an)主網(wang)聯絡(luo),提升新能源電(dian)(dian)力消納能力。圖為(wei)日(ri)前在該(gai)(gai)項目施工現(xian)場,電(dian)(dian)力工人正在高空(kong)進行輸電(dian)(dian)鐵塔架(jia)設安(an)裝作業(ye)。
鄧和(he)平(ping)攝(人(ren)民視覺(jue))
國家(jia)能源(yuan)(yuan)局近日印發(fa)《關于做好新能源(yuan)(yuan)消納工作 保(bao)障新能源(yuan)(yuan)高質量(liang)發(fa)展的通(tong)知(zhi)》(以(yi)下簡稱“《通(tong)知(zhi)》”),明(ming)確加快推進新能源(yuan)(yuan)配(pei)套電網項(xiang)目(mu)建(jian)設、積極(ji)推進系(xi)統調(diao)節能力(li)提升和網源(yuan)(yuan)協調(diao)發(fa)展等重點任務。業(ye)內(nei)人士表示,《通(tong)知(zhi)》對(dui)完(wan)善(shan)新能源(yuan)(yuan)利(li)用率管理(li)機制、支撐新能源(yuan)(yuan)高質量(liang)發(fa)展、加快構(gou)建(jian)新型(xing)電力(li)系(xi)統和新型(xing)能源(yuan)(yuan)體系(xi)、推動(dong)實現(xian)“雙碳”目(mu)標具有(you)重要意義。
科學確定新能源利用率目標
國(guo)家能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)局(ju)有關負責人(ren)介紹,國(guo)家能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)局(ju)持續做好新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消納工作,大力推進跨省區輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)通(tong)道、堅強主干網架及配電(dian)(dian)(dian)網建設(she),不斷提升電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)調節能(neng)(neng)力,擴大新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)市(shi)場化交易電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang),推動新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)快速(su)發(fa)(fa)展、高效利用。2023年,全(quan)國(guo)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)利用率97.3%、光伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)利用率98%,保持了較高水平。伴隨(sui)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)展進一步提速(su),截至今(jin)年4月底,全(quan)國(guo)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、光伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)累計裝機超過(guo)11億千(qian)瓦(wa),同比增(zeng)長(chang)約38%,消納需求大幅(fu)增(zeng)加。
與此同時(shi),雖然(ran)全國新能源利用率自2019年以(yi)來持續保持在95%以(yi)上的較高水平(ping),但部(bu)分(fen)地區、部(bu)分(fen)時(shi)段消納壓力已有所顯(xian)現(xian)。
“當前,系統存量調節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)已經基本挖潛,需要新增建設(she)大量新型儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)等調節(jie)資源(yuan)(yuan),經濟(ji)代價較大,推升全(quan)社會用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)成本,不利于新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)大規(gui)模可持續發(fa)展。”電力(li)規(gui)劃設(she)計總院有關(guan)專家分(fen)析。考(kao)慮到這一因素(su),《通知》提出“科學確定各(ge)地新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)率(lv)目標(biao)”“部(bu)分(fen)資源(yuan)(yuan)條件較好的地區可適(shi)當放寬新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)率(lv)目標(biao),原則上不低于90%”。
前述專(zhuan)家表示,從系統最優的(de)角度(du)統籌開發(fa)和(he)消納(na)(na),適當放(fang)寬資源(yuan)(yuan)條件較(jiao)好、新能源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)電成本(ben)較(jiao)低、系統消納(na)(na)成本(ben)較(jiao)高地(di)區的(de)新能源(yuan)(yuan)利用率(lv)目標,可為新能源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展留有更(geng)多空間(jian)。
推進新(xin)能源(yuan)配套電網項目建設
隨著(zhu)新能源大規模并網(wang),配套電網(wang)建設需求大幅上升,需要(yao)加快配套電網(wang)規劃、建設工作,優化接網(wang)流程。
《通(tong)知(zhi)》提(ti)出,加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)推進新能(neng)源(yuan)配套電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)建(jian)設。一(yi)(yi)方面,加(jia)(jia)強規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)管理(li)。對500千伏(fu)及以上配套電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu),每年組(zu)織國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力發展規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)內(nei)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)調整,并為國(guo)家(jia)布局的(de)大型風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)光伏(fu)基(ji)地(di)、流(liu)域水風(feng)光一(yi)(yi)體化基(ji)地(di)等重(zhong)點項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)開辟納(na)規(gui)(gui)“綠(lv)色通(tong)道”,加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)推動一(yi)(yi)批(pi)新能(neng)源(yuan)配套電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)納(na)規(gui)(gui)。另(ling)一(yi)(yi)方面,加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)建(jian)設。各級能(neng)源(yuan)主(zhu)管部門會同電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)企(qi)業建(jian)立已(yi)納(na)入規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)的(de)新能(neng)源(yuan)配套電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)清單,在確保安全的(de)前提(ti)下(xia)加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)推進前期、核(he)準和建(jian)設工作。此外,要求優(you)化接網(wang)(wang)(wang)流(liu)程,電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)企(qi)業要主(zhu)動為新能(neng)源(yuan)接入電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)提(ti)供服務,簡化審核(he)環節,進一(yi)(yi)步提(ti)高效率。
《通知》明確,積極推進系統調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)提(ti)升(sheng)和(he)網(wang)(wang)(wang)源(yuan)(yuan)協(xie)調(diao)(diao)發展。省級(ji)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)主管部門應(ying)根據新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)增長規(gui)模和(he)利(li)用率目標(biao),開展電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系統調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)需(xu)求(qiu)分(fen)析,因(yin)地制(zhi)宜制(zhi)定本地區調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)提(ti)升(sheng)方案。同(tong)時,開展煤(mei)電(dian)機組(zu)靈活性改造(zao)效果、各(ge)類(lei)儲(chu)能(neng)設(she)施調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie)性能(neng)、負(fu)荷(he)側調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie)資源(yuan)(yuan)參(can)與系統調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie)規(gui)模和(he)置(zhi)信度(du)的綜合評(ping)估。針對部分(fen)新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)項目規(gui)劃(hua)建(jian)設(she)時序(xu)(xu)協(xie)調(diao)(diao)不(bu)足、銜接(jie)不(bu)到位(wei)的情(qing)況,在要求(qiu)加快配(pei)套電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)規(gui)劃(hua)建(jian)設(she)的同(tong)時,有序(xu)(xu)安(an)排(pai)新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)項目建(jian)設(she),結合消納(na)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)科學(xue)安(an)排(pai)集(ji)中式新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的開發布(bu)(bu)局、投(tou)產時序(xu)(xu)、消納(na)方向,合理安(an)排(pai)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的開發布(bu)(bu)局,加強新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)與配(pei)套電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)建(jian)設(she)的協(xie)同(tong)力(li)(li)(li)度(du)。
常態化(hua)開(kai)展消納監測分析(xi)
規范新(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)消納(na)數據(ju)統計管理工作,科學反映新(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)真實消納(na)利用水平(ping),也是促進新(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)更(geng)好消納(na)的關鍵一環。
一方面,應(ying)統(tong)(tong)一新能源利(li)用(yong)率統(tong)(tong)計(ji)口徑。《通知》明(ming)確,發(fa)電(dian)和(he)電(dian)網企業要嚴格落實(shi)國家能源局發(fa)布的(de)《風電(dian)場(chang)利(li)用(yong)率監(jian)測統(tong)(tong)計(ji)管理辦(ban)法》和(he)《光伏電(dian)站(zhan)消(xiao)納(na)監(jian)測統(tong)(tong)計(ji)管理辦(ban)法》規(gui)定的(de)風電(dian)場(chang)、光伏電(dian)站(zhan)可用(yong)發(fa)電(dian)量(liang)和(he)受限(xian)電(dian)量(liang)統(tong)(tong)計(ji)方法,新能源利(li)用(yong)率按僅考慮系(xi)統(tong)(tong)原因受限(xian)電(dian)量(liang)的(de)情況計(ji)算。“這能夠排除不(bu)可抗因素、并網調試、計(ji)劃檢修、市場(chang)化交易決(jue)策不(bu)當等特殊因素影響,更(geng)加科學地反映新能源真實(shi)的(de)消(xiao)納(na)利(li)用(yong)水(shui)平。”電(dian)力規(gui)劃設計(ji)總院(yuan)有(you)關(guan)專家說。
另一(yi)方面,強化新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消納數(shu)據的(de)校核和披露。發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網企業要向(xiang)全國新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力消納監測預警中(zhong)心(xin)報送(song)新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)并(bing)網規(gui)模、利(li)用率和可用發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)、實際發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)、受(shou)限(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)、特殊(shu)原(yuan)因(yin)受(shou)限(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)等(deng)基礎數(shu)據。各級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網企業每月應(ying)向(xiang)其電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力調度機構調度范圍內的(de)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場、光伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)披露利(li)用率及可用發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)、實際發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)、受(shou)限(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)、特殊(shu)原(yuan)因(yin)受(shou)限(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)等(deng)基礎數(shu)據。
國家(jia)能源(yuan)局(ju)有關負責人表示,將(jiang)常(chang)態(tai)化開(kai)展新能源(yuan)消(xiao)納(na)(na)監測(ce)分析(xi)和(he)監管工作,開(kai)展月度消(xiao)納(na)(na)監測(ce)、半(ban)年分析(xi)會商和(he)年度消(xiao)納(na)(na)評估工作。加強(qiang)對新能源(yuan)跨省消(xiao)納(na)(na)措(cuo)施(shi)的(de)監管,督促(cu)有關單(dan)位取(qu)消(xiao)不合理的(de)限制性措(cuo)施(shi)。